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第1篇 电气工程图基础知识
第1章 常用电气图形符号和文字符号
1.1 常用电气图形符号
1.1.1 常用符号要素、限定符号和其他常用图形符号
(1)轮廓和外壳(见表1-1)
表1-1 轮廓和外壳
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-aJkL2dlHRrkYo6kljksMtCVJY4SMrHi0-0-94d1a6df057304e4477aaa1db76a6923)
(2)电流和电压的种类(见表1-2)
表1-2 电流和电压的种类
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_02.jpg?sign=1739277199-3nleYGO7I0EDn10B1dv7h39TklQ3u6OS-0-be21ac15964118f340f3774b05f6b056)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-GOY5gO5dCnKStsHvrVpX0ekOShWWMG4J-0-e8e210b78acddc54d80d298b7b4b18d4)
(3)接地、接机壳和等电位(见表1-3)
表1-3 接地、接机壳和等电位
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_02.jpg?sign=1739277199-mMTtyG9kvAOlhkxRf7mnBUL6J3Uvago4-0-39871d790c16c1ba6a2814c01d1d2c3e)
(4)理想电路元件(见表1-4)
表1-4 理想电路元件
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_03.jpg?sign=1739277199-NVNLn7k4HFDTxWa599zvbKpPiNeDihqN-0-67a7b2b785a236f3c9b6309f8364c2b8)
(5)其他常用符号(见表1-5)
表1-5 其他常用符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-aCcUk4VL3nNRolQn68folAquImMNRM9l-0-98f181c18e0015ac1bba6b9d2f9c1afd)
1.1.2 常用导线及连接器件图形符号
常用导线及连接器件图形符号见表1-6。
表1-6 常用导线及连接器件图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_02.jpg?sign=1739277199-n76LZc54jRo8n7NrvrIyangPv87hPjRW-0-d00bef56c4e227ece50a461b3c2810d9)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-WmQhTEslTHoiKyVCuJM4mpPgo66Rp9jU-0-de7e352f92f6bf2ce38a162dad4a6600)
1.1.3 常用电阻器、电容器和电感器图形符号
(1)常用电阻器图形符号(见表1-7)
表1-7 常用电阻器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_02.jpg?sign=1739277199-ziM90AIovzG5hPuSXeIi6c3bedLcjweR-0-c1e7c1338cc199c71315595d75f89b0e)
(2)常用电容器图形符号(见表1-8)
表1-8 常用电容器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-mecMNM4rW5X2fzNLE4HT6EwEyreqbKLS-0-99e2d09c42294f0914a19822739f54c3)
(3)常用电感器图形符号(见表1-9)
表1-9 常用电感器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_02.jpg?sign=1739277199-dUUzWt3TpqTiKtNqZUIKui5mq0zuex7F-0-c72f45ab2852a3e273e6c5076042c3e3)
1.1.4 常用变压器图形符号
常用变压器图形符号见表1-10。
表1-10 常用变压器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/20_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-5R8DViXA8WQM5MnSxmk38xppBcpuMAY5-0-90b965fa3d0745b5a4aa565ca64cde00)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/21_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-tA3CDZFerC1WhONlztAjYkCaOBvcVpCm-0-0903ceb2284699acdcb9ad70983028d8)
1.1.5 常用电机图形符号
常用电机图形符号见表1-11。
表1-11 常用电机图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/22_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-fi9U0VOUb711vxVVyrySG7evIgqAW4M8-0-89eed63c212107c1c6b876e3f589a595)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/23_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-Yn8aX11xN7f87UzcQW63BIJxVvBWOZtI-0-a006014fab0f4382863344dd93b7e4cd)
1.1.6 常用开关、控制和保护装置图形符号
常用开关、控制和保护装置图形符号见表1-12。
表1-12 常用开关、控制和保护装置图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/23_02.jpg?sign=1739277199-Zr370kN0r6MmCqK2qT8HqjndHprdWrgb-0-95fbae1987188450f49c330c378d8dfe)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/24_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-Mo9RMc3jDLyKjuRTz1sPseIGLcubKF79-0-5b1df94aecbdeca19d3871e9e09ddcbd)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-IPZ6jUJDGYM9g8ZrnkrrB264nnkKlGkk-0-2f48dfff91cef185556a61c3f0cf171a)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-Bxl8w7MxuBDYcQKgii8Ww5TGcoGFAPpa-0-aece7f6067082ec1317d93cafddfed2f)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/27_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-1aUTfzkMTIshWApSNFw7A2BzvsiJGvT5-0-89e39fca3f1a422e9577925deb8624ed)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/28_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-HzrjXFKWoB5JRBGNDyL8eulGnUTRPixG-0-5616a76dc4b1399567dfbe93c9bcb888)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/29_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-WYxLmufXB28rvjAjvyqTtioaLYO1Aj2X-0-5ce42e6ad2b8b3b08dfbea1a76f5ea2c)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/30_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-mrxmtp38WF2rRSMwcc383HEr0alrT44H-0-c2a8e303466a7a0b60a12816407caaf9)
1.1.7 常用半导体器件图形符号
(1)二极管图形符号(见表1-13)
表1-13 常用二极管图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/30_02.jpg?sign=1739277199-OnpudgWWK4zU1msuBP77jIzTudre0oIR-0-3b7ca7ffad3536d25a73370931faf17a)
(2)晶闸管图形符号(见表1-14)
表1-14 晶闸管图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/30_03.jpg?sign=1739277199-DZ5Am9QWLVCZC6OHtLej6exhoQ94OxIw-0-c2269f89d2ef9a77c6b8d4f260f41d23)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/31_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-AxSuLukhSYmInUFtUIJDW3kw1LYA7wvw-0-2f142bed8ff6d33a048fc1e994d376a6)
(3)晶体管图形符号(见表1-15)
表1-15 晶体管图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/31_02.jpg?sign=1739277199-5mcWyz0WXQCb7vV7vvCYQjJIuBpJnfuZ-0-aab696d5253a4cbb0062b72a393a6476)
(4)光电子、光敏和磁敏器件图形符号(见表1-16)
表1-16 光电子、光敏和磁敏器件图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/32_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-HG0oCVkijkTGgkK3A6tS81xXIW3G4x4V-0-211c1c0ee21cd91d3a302419205f8b24)
1.1.8 整流器、逆变器和蓄电池图形符号
整流器、逆变器和蓄电池图形符号见表1-17。
表1-17 整流器、逆变器和蓄电池图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/32_02.jpg?sign=1739277199-T34bpFa7HQPVD4yCz0JkNsR5K5RQM29x-0-c136bdf0355ea5c52cd555bd7d1286bc)
1.1.9 测量仪表、灯和信号器件图形符号
测量仪表、灯和信号器件图形符号见表1-18。
表1-18 测量仪表、灯和信号器件图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/33_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-kUr1Fu3KJK8OyvBZsXTHhqc9959eG0N0-0-288ed5e5736c81688e0c1234e088bf23)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/34_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-hOWRhFnbLOdHpqjCyn2YKSJ5D2jAyOq5-0-db7d82cf929328c4e8d217e35b817aeb)
1.1.10 电气系统图主要电气设备图形符号
电气系统图主要电气设备图形符号见表1-19。
表1-19 电气系统图主要电气设备图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/34_02.jpg?sign=1739277199-5pzj14Ux1ikpMHHQ590TE1ezIBt8b71N-0-0caadbc5835c76ae501e31f9c1e4bea1)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/35_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-GNRE46KOKc0NVGj1dvFucMcFThV5wMmH-0-61f3fba4e1fa25594589142c463d2a48)
1.1.11 电气图形符号的取向规则
电气图形符号的取向规则见表1-20。
表1-20 电气图形符号的取向规则
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/35_02.jpg?sign=1739277199-yXZmCmchqPLJZmEUHBOXvdFH2x163MLQ-0-f711e3c897f83459ffdb9df2469d9b96)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/36_01.jpg?sign=1739277199-oL5OQ4O6hILoDpDRY88q89ffV2i0M6XO-0-5dce544ac7b256a96c552eb1ad6f2197)