Unit 2 篇章的练习

分析下面的文章属于哪种类型的篇章。

1．

One day in that summer, it was so hot that there were few people on the street. Several classmates and I planned to swim in the river. When we walked towards the river, there were suddenly many clouds in the sky. The thunder rumbled in the sky. Soon, it rained cats and dogs.

I remembered it very clearly that before the rain came, my classmates and I returned home quickly. The rain kept pouring down, and I saw through the window that the yard was full of water. The newly-planted trees are swaying in the wind. In the evening, the rain slowed down. My parents came back home from work, and they were all wet. After the dinner, the rain had stopped completely. I stood in the yard and had a deep breath. It was really cool.

2．

Quality is more important than speed. It's good for both running businesses and learning skills.

Nobody likes products with poor quality. Then how can a company make speedy production while neglecting consumers' need? The products with poor qualily might be sold out quickly due to their low prices, but once the consumers find out the truth, how could they possibly continue to support this product? In this case, fast production is meaningless. Similarly, if you want to acquire knowledge quickly without fully understanding it, you can only learn a little, and you can't grasp the essence of it.

In a word, we should focus on quality instead of speed.

3．

Dear Mr. Bill,

We have known that you came to our city yesterday to attend the fair, so we would like to invite you to come to our company for business dinner next Monday.

The dinner will be held to thank our partners, and we will show you our new products. You have always been our biggest customer. We would like to cooperate with you again. Of course, you can take a look at our new products at the dinner.

In view that our dinner will be held in the evening, which is expected to end at 10, you may need a driving agent. Do you need us to arrange for you or will you settle it by yourself?

Please reply soon.

Yours,

Mark

4．

Catherine Hepburn was born in early twentieth Century. Because of her family background, Hepburn was very independent, and with her father's support, she participated in a variety of sports activities. She majored in drama at the University, and often participated in performance.

Catherine Hepburn started the trip to Hollywood at the age of 24. A year later, Hepburn won the Oscar Award for best actress for outstanding performance in Morning Glory.However, a series of films Hepburn acted in after the award all failed, and her film career was in crisis. A few years later, Catherine Hepburn acted in a play and made a great success.

In 1966, a film Hepburn played in helped her win the Oscar Award for best actress again. Then Hepburn won the third and fourth Oscar Award for best actress because of the film The Lion in Winter and On Golden Pond respectively.

5．

According to the survey, the unemployment rate rose sharply in recent years. The main reasons are as follows:

One, a lot of college students can't find a suitable job for a variety of reasons after graduation while the employer can't find the talent they need. College students would give up a job because of the low salary, or the nature of the work; employers may not hire a college student because they lack any experience.

Two, many occupations are affected by seasons, such as agriculture and tourism. Those who are engaged in tourism face a high rate of unemployment during the off-season.

Third, wages in some cities are quite low, so most people are reluctant to pursue such occupations.

6．

Dear leaders,

Thank you very much for providing me the chance to compete for sales manager. As the sales department manager, I have been in office for two years.

Since I came to the sales department, I have enjoyed the job. Before I work as a vice manager, I had been a salesman for two years. Two years ago, I began to lead an independent sales team, and achieved the best performance. As a team manager, I believe I have the ability to be a leader.

I know clearly that a department manager has more responsibilities and obligations when managing a company's department. If I can be promoted as a sales manager, my team and I will work together to create greater interests for the company and employees.

Jack

7．

Flies, bees and mosquitoes buzz when they fly, and the sound is not made by their mouths, but by the vibration of their wings when they fly.

You can fold a piece of paper into a trumpet, and speak with your mouth close to the narrow part. You'll find that the sound is louder. This is because the shape of the objects will bring the sound forward instead of allowing it to spread out evenly. That's one of the principles that people use the horn to amplify the sound.

The more intensely an object is vibrating, the louder it sounds. This is because all sounds are produced by vibration, and Baer invented the telephone using the principle that electricity transmits vibrations.

8．

Phillips created a miracle in swimming; he is the champion of many swimming events. Bolter is the "flying man on the field", and he is the champion of 100-meter race. However, even though many athletes did not win the championship, they did their best in the field, showing the fighting spirit and good sportsmanship, and they were the champions in our hearts.

Chusovitina is a female gymnast from Uzbekistan. What makes her respected is not that she won the gold medal in the Olympic Games, but the time and efforts she spent in pursuing her Olympic dream. Chusovitina's son was diagnosed with leukemia one year after his birth, and they needed a lot of money to pay for medical expenses. Retired Chusovitina decided to return to participate in the Olympic Games for her son and won the gold medal later. In order to be able to afford his son's huge medical expenses, Chusovitina has always insisted on participating in the Olympic Games. Even if she didn't win the game later, she won all respect because of her love for her son. Who could say she wasn't the champion?

9．

Contributions wanted

The Children's Newspaper will publish a report related to children's life. In order to publish excellent works, we would like to collect materials from parents. We welcome moms, dads, grandpas to provide the materials. The requirements of the materials:

1．Children's stories in kindergarten;

2．No more than 150 words;

3．A child's life picture can be attached with the manuscript.

4．The deadline is September 23rd.

Please send the manuscript to: University Road No. 10, Children's Newspaper

Email address: Kids@cc. public.com

10．

Tarsiers get its name because their eyes are like a pair of glasses. The first species of tarsiers appeared about 60 million years ago. Tarsiers are known to the world as the smallest monkeys.

A tarsier's body shapes like a big mouse, but it has the biggest ears among primate animals. Big ears provide them with the advantage of a sensitive hearing. As a result, they can sense even the slightest movement. During the day, tarsiers cling to branches or rests in the trunk; at night, they become very active, and start looking for food in the woods. They furl their ears when they sleep so as not to be disturbed by the outside world.

Tarsiers are endangered species; they only exist in the southeast Philippines. Female tarsiers only give birth to a cub every year because they are endangered due to deforestation.

参考答案

1．记叙文

解析 这篇文章具备了记叙文的六要素，即何时one day in the summer, In the evening, After the dinner；何地on the street, river, home, yard；何人I, classmates, parents；何因the thunder, rain；何事my classmates and I returned home, The newly-planted trees are swaying in the wind, the rain slowed down, My parents came back home, I stood in the yard and had a deep breath；怎么样It was really cool。

2．议论文

解析 这篇文章的论点是Quality is more important than speed．论据是In this case, fast production is meaningless. you can only learn a little, and you can't grasp the essence of it．论证是In a word, we should focus on quality instead of speed.

3．应用文

解析 根据这篇文章的形式和内容可知这篇文章是一封邀请信，也可称为邀请函，是应用文的一种。

4．记叙文

解析 这篇文章介绍的是美国电影明星凯瑟琳·赫本，记叙了她的生平，包括出生日期、成长经历、人生辉煌、人生挫败以及影视地位。

5．说明文

解析 这是一篇原因说理型说明文。文章开头从失业率上升引出原因，二、三、四段都是在从客观的角度说明具体的原因。

6．演讲

解析 很多读者可能因为这篇文章的开头形式而判断它为应用文，实际上根据开头段落的主要内容可得知这是一篇求职演讲稿，所以这是演讲而不是应用文。

7．科普文

解析 这篇文章是从几种不同的发声事物引出声音的产生原理，属于物理学范畴，是在介绍物理科学知识，所以是科普文。

8．议论文

解析 虽然这篇文章没有明显体现议论文的典型特点：总分总结构，但是文章第一段通过冠军和没有得到冠军的运动员作对比来引出了论点，即However, even though many athletes did not win the championship, they did their best in the field, showing the fighting spirit and good sportsmanship, and they were the champions in our hearts．第二段是通过具体的人物示例来对论点进行论证。

9．应用文

解析 这篇文章是一篇征稿信息，属于布告公告一类的正式体裁，是应用文的一种。

10．说明文

解析 这篇文章介绍的是一种自然界动物，眼镜猴。介绍了眼镜猴的名字来源、外部特征、种族数量、生活习性以及现存状况等方面。因此，这是一篇说明文。