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CHAPTER 2 社交活动
1 亲友
四级 family
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0054_0001.jpg?sign=1739330288-xjTI8cPuaFJxHX1tjq7bdhMjGtpKW2sc-0-36ac7e4cbe73205015eef59ca9c40886)
[ˈfæməlɪ] n 家庭,亲属
eg. The little girl is destined for a career on the stage, for she comes from a theatrical family.
小女孩生于戏剧之家,这注定了她的舞台生涯。
相关词 family man有妻室儿女的人;
family planning计划生育;
family tree家谱;
nuclear family核心家庭,小家庭(只包括父母和子女);
familial [fəˈmɪlɪəl] adj 家庭的,家族的
四级 relation
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0054_0002.jpg?sign=1739330288-AERijGo2uftbjqgdDFNvzJxd1GvKBrvh-0-e1002fa6a9b1f46be654d1fc1e7a6704)
[rɪˈleɪʃn] n 亲戚,亲属
eg. After the venerable scholar died, all of his friends and relations attended his funeral.
那位德高望重的学者死后,他所有的朋友与亲戚都参加了葬礼。
相关词 related [rɪˈleɪtɪd] adj 有亲属关系的;
relationship [rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp] n 关系,亲属关系;
blood relation血亲,骨肉
同义词 relative [ˈrelətɪv] n 亲戚,亲属;
folks [ˈfəʊks] n 亲属,(尤指)爹妈
GRE kin
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0054_0003.jpg?sign=1739330288-JaookSeo96ieZc9tFy4aUJlDaLku9i3O-0-8194197b707635ec929a101713f5d054)
[kɪn] n (统称)家属,亲属
eg. It puzzled the kin that the rich man donated his property to charities in his will.
那位富人在遗嘱中把自己的财产捐给慈善机构,这让他的亲属很是不解。
相关词 next of kin直系亲属,近亲;
kith and kin亲戚朋友;
kinship[ˈkɪnʃɪp] n 亲属关系
同义词 kinsman [ˈkɪnzmən] n 亲属,亲戚;
kindred [ˈkɪndrəd] n 亲属,亲属关系
四级 parent
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0054_0004.jpg?sign=1739330288-3bpP3fztntCNIvaSkc2MjfjaI8kj7Tgu-0-3bafff23bc103639554a21a5310b0c92)
[ˈpeərənt] n 父亲(或母亲)
eg. The teacher told the naughty boy to ask his parents to come to school on Monday.
老师让那个淘气的小男孩星期一请家长到学校。
相关词 parentage [ˈpeərəntɪdʒ] n 出身,家世;
parental [pəˈrentl] adj 父母的,双亲的;
parenthood [ˈpeərənthʊd] n 做父母的身份;
parenting [ˈpeərəntɪŋ] n 养育,抚养
托福 parents-in-law
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0055_0001.jpg?sign=1739330288-oh1sraXIWGNZ5hKxf5wjQVLBad4KjXHo-0-5c4ed438e3895d4ec0ea92a17f56f6fb)
[ˈpeərəntsɪnlɔ:] n 公婆,岳父母
eg. I dread the interview with my future parents-in-law.
我害怕与未来的岳父母见面。
相关词 son-in-law [ˈsʌnɪnˌlɔ:] n 女婿;
daughter-in-law [ˈdɔ:təɪnˌlɔ:] n 儿媳;
father-in-law [ˈfɑ:ðəɪnˌlɔ:] n 岳父(公公);
mother-in-law [ˈmʌðəɪnˌlɔ:] n 岳母(婆婆)
同义词 in-laws [ˈɪnˌlɔ:z] n 姻亲,(尤指)公婆,岳父母
四级 spouse
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0055_0002.jpg?sign=1739330288-aLW8GtwPer7ZdYVZyYeEptePOakP07vk-0-618c444c52abb30b3b9fb4f85b2ac3fb)
[spaʊs] n 配偶
eg. When you are interviewed by the eccentric manager, he will ask your spouse's name.
当那个古怪的经理面试你时,他会问你配偶的名字。
相关词 spousal [ˈspaʊsl] adj 配偶的;
couple [ˈkʌpl] n 夫妻,情侣;
husband [ˈhʌzbənd] n 丈夫;
wife [waɪf] n 妻子
四级 adopt
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0055_0003.jpg?sign=1739330288-pct6LU0lyDQfcpLZTDEjcyWQaRccCdBU-0-1be27341be14331b49f638b83b488cd5)
[əˈdɒpt] v 领养,收养
eg. I have a boy, but I still want to adopt a girl.
我有一个儿子,可是还想领养一个女儿。
相关词 adopted [əˈdɒptɪd] adj 收养的,领养的;
adoption [əˈdɒpʃn] n 收养,领养;
adoptive [əˈdɒptɪv] adj 收养的,有收养关系的
同义词 foster [ˈfɒstə(r)] v 代养
四级 father
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0055_0004.jpg?sign=1739330288-VbY45ZII9J64Owq6nYRQ4d8YTd3I6kRY-0-ddc923e06aca0fcd7b5e82d2ff7c2ff3)
[ˈfɑ:ðə] n 父亲,爸爸
eg. Because of exceeding the speed limit, my father was taken to the police box.
因为超速驾驶,爸爸被带到警察亭。
相关词 fatherless [ˈfɑ:ðələs] adj 没有父亲的;
fatherly [ˈfɑ:ðəli:] adj 父亲的,慈父般的;
fatherhood [ˈfɑ:ðəhʊd] n 父亲的身份;
Father Christmas圣诞老人
同义词 dad [dæd] n (称呼)爸爸;
daddy [ˈdædɪ] n (儿语)爸爸
GRE paterfamilias
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0055_0005.jpg?sign=1739330288-exY7bjSG32MImpBZsGQkW0CzoVp1x3TB-0-ce39d2946b9778dfc497e423d837957f)
[ˌpeɪtəfəˈmɪlɪæs] n (男性)家长
eg. As the paterfamilias, you have to work hard to support your family.
作为一家之主,你必须努力工作养家。
相关词 paternal [pəˈtɜ:nl] adj 父亲的,慈父般的;
paternally [pəˈtɜ:nlɪ] adv 慈父般地;
paternity [pəˈtɜ:nətɪ] n 父亲的身份;
paternity leave父亲照顾新生儿的休假
四级 mother
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0056_0001.jpg?sign=1739330288-NsPHWYR5hogK3JQskxblP8ga3pOTiKau-0-fabfc5414e5247273c521d540ea6dda8)
[ˈmʌðə(r)] n 母亲,妈妈
eg. The mother was disturbed to find that the toy's price was exorbitant for the size of her purse.
那位母亲看到玩具的价钱自己买不起,心里不安起来。
相关词 mothering [ˈmʌðərɪŋ] n 呵护,照料;
motherhood [ˈmʌðəhʊd] n 母亲身份,母性;
motherless [ˈmʌðələs] adj 无母亲的;
motherly [ˈmʌðəli:] adj 慈母般的;
maternal [məˈtɜ:nl] adj 母亲的,母亲般慈爱的
同义词 mom [mɒm] n 妈妈;mum [mʌm] n 妈妈;
mummy [ˈmʌmɪ] n (儿语)妈咪
六级 offspring
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0056_0002.jpg?sign=1739330288-863s9gFjDDx5JNzRBcfWMQlMODpjN2AA-0-d37f3ae902e9d167338494cebeb547c0)
[ˈɒfsprɪŋ] n 孩子,子女
eg. The girl is very clever as the offspring of a musician and a mathematician.
做为一位音乐家和一位数学家的孩子,那个女孩特别聪明。
相关词 son [sʌn] n 儿子;daughter [ˈdɔ:tə(r)] n 女儿;
firstborn [ˈfɜ:stbɔ:n] n 头胎,长子,长女;
illegitimate [ˌɪləˈdʒɪtəmət] adj 私生的,非婚生的;
love child私生子
六级 step-parent
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0056_0003.jpg?sign=1739330288-PbzDx8N7a9I56ctrNibHMX1ciiBwSCQa-0-dee8502d518e56cc5734defb920355ab)
[ˈstepˌpeərənt] n 继父,继母
eg. It's not easy for the step-parents to get along well with their step-children.
对于继父母来说,跟自己的继子继女处好关系不是件容易的事。
相关词 stepfather [ˈstepfɑ:ðə(r)] n 继父;
stepmother [ˈstepmʌðə(r)] n 继母;
stepchild [ˈsteptʃaɪld] n 继子,继女;
stepson [ˈstepsʌn] n 继子;
stepdaughter [ˈstepdɔ:tə(r)] n 继女;
stepbrother [ˈstepbrʌðə(r)] n 继兄,继弟;
stepsister [ˈstepsɪstə(r)] n 继姐,继妹
四级 brother
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0056_0004.jpg?sign=1739330288-KFnOXFdSopP62kKqSISRGuaTRcHyODQr-0-8708e201aebb1ca3e5c90771c4565d66)
[ˈbrʌðə(r)] n 兄弟
eg. I beg my elder brother to amend the spelling errors in my theme.
我乞求哥哥给我修改作文里的拼写错误。
相关词 brotherly [ˈbrʌðəlɪ] adj 兄弟般的,亲切友好的;
sister [ˈsɪstə(r)] n 姐妹;
sisterly [ˈsɪstəlɪ] adj 姐妹般的;
twin [twɪn] n 双胞胎之一;twins [twɪnz] n 双胞胎;
half-brother [ˈhɑ:fˌbrʌðə] n 同父异母(或同母异父)的兄弟
四级 cousin
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0056_0005.jpg?sign=1739330288-zK0FQdO0MjVMfSLfUAH01q662hkFJtJ4-0-4a5c086db47930b4b4fa08fb86b037c3)
[ˈkʌzn] n 表(堂)兄弟姐妹
eg. The boy is my wife's cousin, so we are distantly related.
这个男孩是我妻子的堂兄弟,所以我们是远亲。
相关词 second cousin父母表(堂)兄弟姐妹的孩子;
remote cousin远房表亲;
nephew [ˈnefju:] n 侄儿,外甥;
niece [ni:s] n 侄女,外甥女
四级 grandparent
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0057_0001.jpg?sign=1739330288-CLnaLhRFuRQtFN5bM3q028HcOgWeSLeZ-0-efefc52fca15e76e0eab2af096bea216)
[ˈgrænpeərənt] n 祖父(母),外祖父(母)
eg. My grandparents have lived in the country for about 70 years.
爷爷奶奶在农村生活了近70年。
相关词 grandfather [ˈɡrænfɑ:ðə(r)] n 祖父;
grandpa [ˈgrændpɑ:] n 爷爷,外公;
grandmother [ˈgrænmʌðə(r)] n 祖母;
grandma [ˈgrændmɑ:] n 奶奶,外婆;
gran [græn] n 奶奶,姥姥;granny [ˈɡrænɪ] n 奶奶,外婆
四级 uncle
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0057_0002.jpg?sign=1739330288-axmOKNRyVrbFlxRKmSa8oSwMYrlWsm9O-0-415b78b19768eb1c9fcb7f332da60db8)
[ˈʌŋkl] n 叔父,伯父,舅父,姑父
eg. I remembered that my uncle majored in international commerce in college.
我记得叔叔大学时的专业是国际贸易。
相关词 Uncle Sam山姆大叔(指美国或美国政府);
aunt [ɑ:nt] n 婶母,伯母,舅母,姑母;
auntie [ˈænti:] n 阿姨,姑母,舅母等
四级 ancestor
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0057_0003.jpg?sign=1739330288-WK8cs41qTY4NIj4doIvotAre1M6Z97zj-0-0169e3716d1967921c482a47e4c81d6a)
[ˈænsestə(r)] n 祖宗,祖先
eg. He is amused to learn that his ancestors came here as refugees.
得知他的祖先是因为避难才来这里,他觉得很好笑。
同义词 ancestry [ˈænsestrɪ] n (统称)祖宗,祖先;
forebear [ˈfɔ:ˌbeə] n 祖宗,祖先;
forefather [ˈfɔ:fɑ:ðə(r)] n 祖宗,祖先(尤指男性);
反义词 posterity [pɒˈsterətɪ] n 后裔,子孙;
descendant [dɪˈsendənt] n 后裔,子孙
四级 grandchild
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0057_0004.jpg?sign=1739330288-l4fqHccO13uwS8NUDhPMRREzNnCdoy4l-0-127d8e38b29c3a9d0b4cba958c58d15b)
[ˈgræntʃaɪld] n (外)孙子,(外)孙女
eg. Mr. James was glad to hear that his fifth grandchild had been born.
听说自己的第5个孙子出生了,詹姆斯先生非常高兴。
相关词 grandson [ˈɡrænsʌn] n 孙子,外孙;
grand-daughter [grændˈdɔ:tə] n 孙女,外孙女;
generation [ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn] n 一代,一辈;
generation gap代沟,两代人之间的隔阂
托福 mate
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0057_0005.jpg?sign=1739330288-jjlBXHlrj5axEXZf1B1UEjpCRHFunEXF-0-9a11a18d4a276f78dabb6fca770206a4)
[meɪt] n 朋友,同伴
eg. Lily was frightened to find she was separated from her mates.
发现自己与同伴走散了,莉莉很害怕。
相关词 schoolmate [ˈsku:lmeɪt] n 同学;
classmate [ˈklɑ:smeɪt] n 同班同学;
roommate [ˈrʊmmeɪt] n 室友;
playmate [ˈpleɪmeɪt] n 玩耍的伙伴;
soul mate知心朋友,知己
四级 friend
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0057_0006.jpg?sign=1739330288-XHx03K0XYbV7jteAnIEdd7daZPFc6hoi-0-48a7d4069e5024a82aa63d2ad07de638)
[frend] n 朋友,友人
eg. The man in a black coat said that he is a friend of my father.
穿黑色大衣的人说他是我父亲的朋友。
相关词 fair-weather friend酒肉朋友;
befriend [bɪˈfrend] v 待人如友,及时帮助;
friendly [ˈfrendlɪ] adj 友爱的,友好的;
friendship [ˈfrendʃɪp] n 友谊
六级 pal
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0058_0001.jpg?sign=1739330288-VKMFR84lwdsDbQcA4JHgTSuj2b8epPPd-0-cc80a844b61ad6b2f8ad4c3d8ea26982)
[pæl] n 朋友,伙伴
eg. Being selfish and irritable, he has no pals now.
他既自私又暴躁,现在一个朋友也没有了。
相关词 partner [ˈpɑ:tnə(r)] n 合伙人;
partnership [ˈpɑ:tnəʃɪp] n 伙伴关系
同义词 buddy [ˈbʌdɪ] n 朋友,同伴;
confidant [ˌkɒnfɪˈdænt] n 知己,密友;
cobber [ˈkɒbə(r)] n 朋友
四级 companion
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0058_0002.jpg?sign=1739330288-C3g34tszTnWQCeAlqEjFbF6oHaVejQxJ-0-90a2f55cb1e53df41d3e5d5dbc4926bf)
[kəmˈpænɪən] n 伴侣,陪伴
eg. This time I will be your travelling companion on the train.
这次我会是你火车上的旅伴。
相关词 companionable [kəmˈpænɪənəbl] adj 朋友般的,友好的;
companionship [kəmˈpænɪənʃɪp] n 友情,友谊;
company [ˈkʌmpənɪ] n 陪伴,作伴
四级 fellow
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/0237B2/16991734805489506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0058_0003.jpg?sign=1739330288-6HQTD5zMeuFvOoCTUtfCSgIIEFawLxnR-0-07caf74fe0661223efdca5e02377de77)
[ˈfeləʊ] n 同辈
eg. He is my school fellow in my middle school.
他是我中学时的同学。
相关词 fellow feeling同病相怜,同感;
fella [ˈfelə(r)] n 哥们儿;
fellowship [ˈfeləʊʃɪp] n 伙伴关系,友谊